Old Man and the Sea Term Paper Essay Essays

Elderly person and the Sea Term Paper Essay Essays Elderly person and the Sea Term Paper Essay Elderly person and the Sea Term Paper Essay Article Topic: The Old Man and the Sea Through occasions of fight. universes resort to recollections and contemplations to help them through battle and hardship. In The Old Man and the Sea. Ernest Hemingway’s supporter. Santiago depends on his association with the ocean and with nature. his relationship with a youthful male youngster. furthermore, past recollections and dreams to secure through his fights with a major marlin. which he gets after 84 yearss with no fish. Ernest Hemingway utilizes Santiago’s courage. love of nature and his experience to help him beat hardship. The epic removes topographic point to a great extent from doorss and adrift. This scene is of import. since the ocean and nature both are of import pieces of Santiago’s life. Santiago makes a populating off of the ocean. He other than feels a solid association with both the ocean and nature. The ocean is the thing that makes Santiago’s life worth life and is incidentally what causes his hardship. Santiago utilizes the ocean to take his head off the stinging he encounters in his natural structure. in any case, the ocean is other than what causes that stinging. In the start of the novel. he was portrayed as old yet happy. Every little thing about him was old. with the exception of his eyes. They were a similar shading as the ocean. lively. what's more, undefeated. However hence in the novel. his vision got foggy on the grounds that he was sick. got dried out. furthermore, destroyed on account of his fight with the large marlin. Other than. â€Å"he ever thought of the ocean as La March which is the thing that individuals call her in Spanish when they love her†¦ The old grown-up male at any point thought of her as ladylike and as something that gave or retained extraordinary favors. also, on the off chance that she did wild or evil things it was on the grounds that she could non help them† ( Hemingway 29 ) . In contrast to numerous others. the old grown-up male loves and regards the ocean. since he sees its excellence. Notwithstanding the fight the ocean makes for him. he realizes that it just makes difficulties since it can non prevent them. The old grown-up male other than utilizes nature to calm himself down. so he quits stressing over the eagerness and harming ( Hemingway 109 ) . This is other than appeared in the quote. â€Å"Remember we are in September. The month when the incredible fish come†¦ Anyone can be an angler in May† ( Hemingway 18 ) . This quote shows that anybody can improve of the simple occasions. be that as it may, it takes courage and solidarity to show signs of improvement of the unsmooth occasions. Santiago’s fight with the ocean all around is the thing that causes his hardship in the novel. however close to part of what causes him improve of it. Santiago is an old angler in Cuba. . who has gone 84 yearss without a fish. He is â€Å"thin and emaciated with profound wrinkles in the dorsum of his neck†¦and his guardianships had profound wrinkled cicatrixs from overseeing substantial fish on the harmonies. However, none of these cicatrixs were new. They were each piece old as erodings in a fishless desert† ( Hemingway 10 ) . These cicatrixs show Santiago’s life-time of understanding and harming. In any case. his chipper eyes. that are the shade of the ocean. demo his immaturity. furthermore, his expectation. This expectation. adolescence. what's more, finding is the thing that encourages him conquer hardship and travel out angling following 84 twenty-four hours of lack of good fortune and catch a marlin. Through his activities. we discover that Santiago is steady and cheerful. notwithstanding his fortune. furthermore, notions of the other angler. Other than in the novel. as Santiago’s harming gets incre asingly hard to cover with. he begins to unknot. furthermore, the peruser can see a more profound side of him. As he the two flashes all through world. the peruser other than realizes of what help’s Santiago look after voyaging. what's more, spread with this stinging. The peruser other than see’s Santiago’s purposes change to some degree. From the start it was increasingly about craving glorification. what's more, craving to procure free of his terrible luck run. â€Å"Then he started to feel for the extraordinary fish he had snared. He is fabulous and strange†¦ Never have I had such a solid fish†¦ What an incredible fish he is† ( Hemingway 48 ) . Santiago starts to recognize the fish’s excellence. what's more, quality. what's more, feels awful for the fish ; this shows Santiago’s respect for the fish. Santiago goes considerably further in this announcement by expressing â€Å"Fish. I love you and regard you extremely much. In any case, I will kill you before this twenty-four hours closes. † Santiago says this. since he doesn’t need to slaughter the clench hand. since he has started to think about it. furthermore, it helps him to remember himself. in any case, he realizes he needs to. for supplement. also, mostly for his ain interest to cognize that he discovered something. furthermore, that he wasn’t only a sap for going out at that place ( Hemingway 54 ) . Santiago other than starts to see incredible harming in his guardianships. what's more, he feels sickening. He needs something to cover with that stinging. To improve of this deterrent. what's more, hardship. he depends on his fantasies. recollections from his youngster. furthermore, baseball. â€Å"He lived along the beach now every dull. what's more, in his fantasies he heard the breaker blast. furthermore, saw the local vessels come siting through it†¦ . He longs for topographic focuses now. also, ruler of beastss on the beach† ( Hemingway 24 ) . His persistence and his ability to show signs of improvement of hardship. rather than only surrender. shows both Santiago’s quality and his valiance. These are two of the things that make him a Hemingway legend. Hemingway’ other than utilizes pride as Hemingway’s ruin. also, what makes him the legend he is. An epic grown-up male like Santiago should hold pride in his activities. what's more, as Santiago shows us. â€Å"humility was non outrageous and it conveyed no loss of genuine pride† ( Hemingway 14 ) . At a similar clasp however. Santiago’s pride is other than what squeezes him to go dangerously out of sight the ocean. â€Å"beyond all individuals known to man. † to get the marlin ( Hemingway 50 ) . And keeping in mind that he cherished the marlin and even called him his sibling. Santiago confesses to slaughtering the fish for pride. what's more, he was other than energized at the opportunity to strife such a commendable restriction. It could other than be deciphered. that the loss of the marlin in the money related worth that Santiago needed to pay for his pride in going out so far in chase of such a trick. In the terminal. Hemingway recommends that pride in an occupation decent done. regardless of whether pride is the thing that brought Santiago into an unneeded situation. is a positive attribute. Another ground behind this could be Santiago’s need to encounter commendable. Santiago is fixated on turn excursion his value to everyone around him. He needed to turn out himself to the male youngster: â€Å"the multiple times he had demonstrated it implied nil. Presently he was turn excursion it again. Each clasp was another clasp and he neer idea about the days of old while he was making it† ( Hemingway 66 ) . What's more, he other than felt the interest to turn out himself to the marlin. This interest. is a huge part of what makes the novel. On the off chance that Santiago. didn’t feel the interest to turn out himself to everybody. to the male youngster. to himself. or then again to the marlin ( the ocean more all things considered ) . so there wouldn’t be an account. His pride wouldn’t have pushed him out that far. since he wouldn’t have felt the interest to travel. This is an enormous bit of what causes his character to beat the chances. what's more, hardship. Santiago’s relationship with the ocean shows that with finding. one can show signs of improvement of the afflictions throughout everyday life. furthermore, proceed to battle.

Art Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Craftsmanship - Essay Example Terre Haute, Indiana is a goldmine for such authentic compositional manifestations. In such matters, the city contains such original structures as the Condit House, the Terminal Arcade, and the Paul Dresser origination. All things considered, maybe the most noteworthy of Terre Haute structures is the State Bank of Indiana. This paper analyzes this building’s Greek Revival structural style through an assessment of its recorded, design, and stylish components. Investigation While the Terre Haute part of the State Bank of Indiana authoritatively finished activity in 1859, the bank has stayed a conspicuous bit of neighborhood design. The branch itself was first framed in 1834. Fig. 1 contains a present picture of the bank. As the picture delineates, the bank is Fig. 1 State Bank of Indiana as of now involved by Kesler and Kesler law workplaces. The bank executes Greek recovery engineering. One thinks about that this type of engineering was likewise unmistakably actualized in the d evelopment of Federal financial structures at that point. This building style was suggestive of the Terre Haute bank, yet in addition topical among much nineteenth century American and European engineering. The Greek Revival development was a noteworthy development in both the United States and Europe. In huge part this development rose in the late eighteenth and mid nineteenth hundreds of years following a rediscovery of a significant number of the design and social components that swarmed antiquated Greek society. Preceding this period generally little was thought about this Greek culture, outside of what was known from artistic sources. In the mid-1750s, be that as it may, genuine archeological endeavors started into antiquated Greece. Maybe the most unmistakable of these undertakings were those directed by James Stuart. Following a considerable lot of Stuart’s revelations European world class society accepted another enthusiasm for Greek culture. It was not some time befo re numerous structural undertakings were attempted, every one of them attempting to imitate the Greek style. Inside European culture the development of these structure was deciphered as a social move towards another degree of collectedness and limitation and in the long run as a methods for affirming another degree of patriotism. It was not some time before such structure standards moved from European culture to the United States. Thusly Thomas Jefferson was one of the most original figures, as he is noted for possessing a duplicate of the book Antiquities of Athens. While Jefferson himself was not a planner he maybe made the best commitment to advancing the style inside the United States, as he employed Benjamin Henry Latrobe as the official assessor for the nation. Latrobe would proceed to plan various structures in the Greek Revival school of design. Among the most unmistakable of these developments are the Bank of Pennsylvania and the Supreme Court inside. Towards the 1830s per second Greek Revival development rose in the United States. During this period the Latrobe structured the Second Bank of the United States. There is the acknowledgment then that this bank not just held a reasonable linkage to the Terre Haute building, yet additionally a basic comparability. While a part of the State Bank of Indiana is situated in Terre Haute, Indiana, there were moreover various state banks made during a similar time. In

Reasons To Undergo Plastic Surgery - Free Essay Example

We live in a society where it is not astounding to believe that everyone is fixated with appearance. Physical attractiveness is one of the main things that people make choices in favor of certain objects, goods, services, and even people. Products that get sold are being sold with style. The products come in detailed designs and eye-catching packages. Commercials are another thing that exploit a variety of sensually-pleasing imagery, such as the Hollywood actors and TV celebrities. They strive to be stunning and attractive to catch peoples attention. There are multiple examples that show that his statement is true. So, it is not surprising that considering this tendency, some people may feel the need to fit into the greater standards of beauty in society. Unfortunately for them, fashionable medication offers how to change and better their appearances. Even though this procedure is considered a debatable decision by many people, it is a procedure that is popular all around the world. Plastic Surgery is a surgical area of expertise involving the restoration, or in other words the alteration of the human body. This can be divided into two categories. Reconstructive surgery is the first category which consists of craniofacial surgery, hand surgery, microsurgery and the treatment of burns. The other category is cosmetic or in other words aesthetic surgery. While reconstructive surgery aims to alter a part of the body or improve its functioning, cosmetic surgery aims to enhance the appearance of it. Both of these surgical skills are used world-wide. This procedure did not start as a practice to make people feel and look more attractive. At first plastic surgery was actually only done on deceased people. The Egyptians had their own belief that during the afterlife, a persons face would be the exact when it was buried. This explains why when important people died, their bodies were altered with to make their most blatant characteristics protrude. They did this because they felt as if the deceased person would be distinguishable to everyone in the afterlife. Some of the common procedures that were used was the insertion of bones, seeds, and bandages into a persons nose, cheeks, or stomach. To be exact, the nose was the first body part to receive any type of plastic surgery procedure. Other cosmetic surgical procedures such as a facelift or rhinoplasty was performed for several decades, but those procedures did not become popular until the 1970s and 1980s. The rich and famous or in other words, the wealthy people were the first peop le to use these procedures to enhance their appearance. Overall, in the United States aesthetic plastic surgery was more common on the east and west coasts (15 Shocking Facts About Plastic Surgery.). During the middle ages, plastic surgery was not viewed as something people would consider doing. To be exact, plastic surgery was seen as a wrong thing to do. It was viewed as sin, which explains why a majority of people would not even imagine of having this type of procedure done. During the middle ages, there was a huge decline in plastic surgery. This was because there was a large spread of Christianity throughout Europe. Pope Innocent III bellowed that all surgeries were against the Church law, that anyone who came in contact with this procedure would be harmed spiritually some type of way. Many Christians seen this procedure as unholy and related to the devils work. The thought of a surgeon fluctuating a persons body by was mainly looked down upon, because it is viewed as if you are changing Gods masterpiece. In the course of this time, the existence of witches was also a common belief, which made people believe this procedure had to deal with black magic. In spite of that belie f, after seeing soldiers suffer from wounds that doctors were able to heal because of plastic surgery, the idea began to become more appropriate (15 Shocking Facts About Plastic Surgery.). To be exact, plastic surgery was not always done in a sterilized place with low risk of getting injured. About during the sixteenth century, cosmetic procedures were performed in barber shops by regular licensed barbers. Yes, in barber shops, in fact the men who worked there were demanded to know how to remove limbs and pull teeth besides knowing how to cut hair. These barbers carried a nickname which was barber surgeons. The barbers were required to have a wide variety of skills, which meant they also knew how to perform procedures such as bloodletting and supping therapy. They were also able to bathe their customers and give them enemas. World War II is what brought more advances into the plastic surgery world. Surgeons progressed in their techniques to recreate limbs and to do more experienced skin grafts. After the war, surgeons tried promoting their work to specific people, such as middle-aged woman. These women were targeted because woman usually raised large families back in t he days. The first person to undergo plastic surgery was a man name Walter. He had suffered from horrific facial injuries from the war which included the loss of his upper lip and lower eyelids. A man named Sir Harold Gillies was the first man to use skin grafts from unharmed body parts, he was known as the father of plastic surgery. (15 Shocking Facts About Plastic Surgery.). The web is full of photographic examples on plastic surgeries that has gone wrong. Everyone most likely remembers when Jocelyn Wildenstein had her various procedures, which got her the nickname cat woman or even saw the photos of Shauna Sands lip. Regardless of knowing the outcomes, thousands still try messing with their facial features and body figures, investing thousands of dollars on implants, lifts and other cosmetic surgeries. Starting trends and fashion cannot really explain the motives people get when they decide to the undergo plastic surgery. Some people even spend thousands of dollars to look like a real-life Barbie and Ken doll. Their moto is life is plastic, its fantastic! Justin Jedlica, the Human Ken Doll, has spent $170,000 on plastic surgery procedures. He has had undergone a total of 149 procedures, he had his first one at the age of 18. Another real-life Ken doll is a 35year old man named Rodrigo Alves. Mr. Alves has spent $883,000 in the past two decades on plasti c surgery. Some on the procedures that he had undergone are ten nose jobs, face lifts, bum implants muscle and pec implants. He has also received a surgery that made his eye color blue. He has undergone a total of 57 procedures. Five years ago he was diagnosed with a disorder called body dysmorphia. A real-life Barbie doll is Nannette Hammond. Nannette is a stay at home mom that has undergone multiple cosmetics procedures. She has undergone three boob surgeries, veneers, breast lift and lip fillers. She wears eyelash extensions, semi-permanent makeup and hair extensions. Mrs. Hammond also takes a daily visit to the tanning salon that is in her 10- bedroom home. Pixie Fox is another real-life barbie doll. She is a 26year old who has had 17 procedures which includes four boob procedures, liposuction and the removal of six ribs. She did this to become a real-life Barbie doll. Her and Justin Jedlica are best friends, they decided they wanted to be the real-life Barbie and Ken doll duo. Together they have spent $500,000 on surgical procedures, they desire to look like the dolls in a toy chest. So, let us take a moment to see look at what gives people the aspiration to change their physical appearance (Moye). Although it is known that cosmetic surgery is usually for ladies, this is not essentially true. There are men that undergo this type of procedure as well. One of the probable motives for this can be the concern of aging. Anyone, especially if he or she can prevent themselves from looking of old age, they may feel the urge to keep that youth beauty look. Living in a society where the first impression is important, it changes how an individual appearance can have an effect on his or her profession and social relationships (Why Do Real People Choose Cosmetic Surgery?). This is true for the people that are in professions such as actors, musicians, models, and the list goes on. Here is a list of some female celebrities that have undergone cosmetic surgery procedures; Gwyneth Paltrow, Nicole Kidman, Linda Evangelista, Courtney Love, there are many others, but you most likely seen their procedures through the media (30 Celebrities Who Admitted To Plastic Surgery And Injectables). As far as for the men, the list includes Irishman Rourke, Steven Tyler, Tom Cruise, Christian Bale, and many other males. Some of the information pertaining to the male celebrities that have undergone plastic surgeries is mostly heard through gossip, but the facts are still enough to say that older men do get cosmetic surgery (50 Famous Men Who Have Done Plastic Surgery.). Besides aging and attempting to stay up with skilled needs, there is a less common, however a lot more gruesome reason on why people decide to change the way that they look. There is a widely known condition in psychology that is referred to as Dysmorphophobia, or body dysmorphic disorder. It is a mental illness involving obsessive focus on a perceived flaw in appearance. The flaw that they see may be small or even imagined, but the person will spend days trying to fix it. The person may try many cosmetic procedures or exercise to fix the flaw. The level of frustration and psychological tension will grow high that an individual with this disorder can try avoiding social contact. Dysmorphophobia is one of the main reasons why people value more highly to endure cosmetic surgery procedures, however unless the true reason the disorder is not disregarded, a person with body dysmorphic disorder will never feel content about their own look. According to multiple sources, about two percent o f the population deal with this disorder and people who seek plastic surgery, six to fifteen percent usually experience Dysmorphophobia. Half the time their request is refused, because the doctor can see that the patient needs treatment instead of a surgical procedure (The Dangers Of Plastic Surgery Addiction.). Furthermore, there are a lot of realistic and sensible reasons for undergoing cosmetic surgery. If an individual has suffered from an accident that changed his or her physical appearance severely, it is common that he or she would want to fix it. Some accidents that would cause an individual to get plastic surgery are car crashes, motorcycle crashes, fires, professional fighting and even being in the war. People may always want to get surgery because of a flaw that they were born with. Some birth defects are known to cause serious emotional and physical discomfort to the people that suffer from it. In particular, cleft lips or skeletal deformities can bring nothing but handicaps, so the sooner they are removed, the better it is for the person. It is also important to notice that the outcomes of some medical surgeries such as mastectomy can be extremely tormenting. In this case, plastic reconstructive surgery is desirable, not from a medical point of view but in order to lessen psycho logical trauma and stress and to give the lady the ability to look the way she used to before (Top 10 Reasons People Give for Having Plastic Surgery.). Overall, this procedure has become popular over the years. Anyone with money and a minor flaw will find a way to get the procedure done. We live in a society where people are not comfortable in their own skins. People want to look like the person they seen on tv or at the grocery store. These individuals want to improve their self-worth and feel more confident.   Getting this procedure done makes the individual feel good about themselves on the inside. It is as if you just went to the store and bought a new outfit or even a new pair of shoes. To conclude, there are multiple reasons to undergo plastic surgery. Some of the reasons are subjective, such as the fear of aging or obsessions. Other reasons included professional requirements, recovering from medical procedures or accidents. It is tough to mention whether or not these reasons are a lot more important than others. In each particular case a person thinking about this type of surgery, they should contemplate all the possible outcomes that such as what they will be gaining/losing. Regardless of how much it cost, this procedure will always be a go-to for some people.

Muckrakers and Their Major Investigations

Thesis Langston Hughes and the Blues - 1812 Words

Research Outline I . Introduction Thesis Langston Hughs viewed the music of the blues and poetry as kindred forces that propelled the downtrodden blacks of the 1920s and 1930s toward a better day. II. Paragraph Two develop metaphor between constancy of blues music and ocean waves in live of black people. Quote blues poems: Weary Blues, Po Boy Blues, Homesick Blues. Relationship between the listener (the poet) and the blues musician, each coming to the same place night after night III. Paragraph Three using Langstons essay Songs Called the Blues, discuss how the blues are city songs Discuss evidence that hardship that accompanied blacks during and after the Great Migration Hard times were a catalyst for the Harlem Renaissance, inspiring music, literature, poetry, and art common themes were waiting for better times (blues) IV. Paragraph Four Form of poetry reflects the tone, tempo, and repetition of blues music a. The poem itself is a third-person description with some interpolated first-person, eight- and twelve-bar blues lyrics V. Conclusion a. The forms, use of metaphor, and source of inspiration illustrate the influence of blues music and on Langston Hughes poetry Langston Hughs viewed the music of the blues and poetry as kindred forces that propelled the downtrodden blacks of the 1920s and 1930s toward a better day. It is the constancy of the blues as an expression of heartache of the black South, particularly the city South that formsShow MoreRelatedCritique of Julie Aberdeens Essay on the Writings of Langston Hughes during the Harlem Renaissance638 Words   |  3 Pageswritings of Langston Hughes during the Harlem Renaissance Aberdeens essay on Langston Hughes and the Harlem Renaissance had a clear theme that was supported throughout by many examples. While an actual thesis statement was lacking, or a title that would have provided similar direction, the content stayed close to the topics of striving for equality and cultural identity through the writings of Hughes. A good thesis statement for this essay might be: This essay will examine how Langston Hughes soughtRead MoreThe Harlem Renaissance and Its Effect on African American Literature3258 Words   |  14 PagesRenaissance and its Effect on African American Literature Thesis: The literary movement during the Harlem Renaissance was a raging fire that brought about new life for the African American writer; its flame still burns today through the writings of contemporary African American writers. I. The Harlem Renaissance- Its Beginning and Development II. The Major Writers A. Claude McKay B. Jean Toomer C. Countee Cullen D. Langston Hughes E. Zora Neale Hurston III. Major Themes of Writing

Midnight in Sicily free essay sample

Though I was onto member, I attended APP tutoring for math, physics, chemistry, English- you name it. In the math room, I would find myself grasping concepts well and helping other classmates with Weber and homework assignments. The APP program has grown close to my heart and the connections and friendships I have formed because Of it will remain well past my undergraduate career. As an APP summer tutor and/or tutor counselor wish to gain experience with teaching since I am strongly considering a career in education.I have much to offer if hired for this position. Am a highly motivated student with strong time management skills. Eave never missed a class and/or an assignment in any class at Union. I look forward to helping the incoming APP students with academics as well as time management skills and acclimation to the college atmosphere. Adapting to the college lifestyle can be challenging, as I have determined from personal experience, and I would enjoy helping students navigate this excitingly demanding time. We will write a custom essay sample on Midnight in Sicily or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Being a Union College gatekeeper has also enhanced my public speaking skills. As a very personable and outgoing person, I am largely a team player and enjoy working with others. I believe that working with others is the most effective way to learn. Alee the one-on-one collaborations as well as group efforts to solve a problem. Tutoring offers a unique opportunity to work closely with students to help them understand the material, something that have excelled at doing with classmates in current courses.As a result of taking academics very seriously, I have excelled in both of my fields of study. However, this is not to say have not struggled at times with the material. Both mathematics and chemistry are challenging, especially for those who are more interested in non-math or science majors. I realize that there will be times where students will struggle with material and I am well quipped to handle such situations. Because have struggled with the material myself am better prepared to guide students through similar challenges.In addition to being a personable, hard-working student, I would also describe myself as a motivating person, encouraging others to strive toward their goals. The position Of an APP summer tutor is primarily to aid students academically, yet, also holds a mentoring component. I value the role of a mentor very strongly, as have had several in my academic career and personal life. Aspire to accommodate students with whatever needs they ay possess and be a source of both academic and emotional support.I anticipate that this APP summer tutoring opportunity will be extremely advantageous in allowing me to (1 ) promote the early success of and (2) form valuable connections with the incoming APP Class of 2016. Additionally, this opportunity has the potential to strengthen my teaching skills and provide experience to deliberate between several possible career aspirations. Given my initial positive exposure to the APP program it would mean a lot to me to have the opportunity to become an effective contributor to the APP family.

Neutron Stars versus White Dwarfs an Example of the Topic All Posts by

Neutron Stars versus White Dwarfs Neutron stars are extremely dense: they are only 10 kilometers or so in size, but have the mass of an average star (usually about 1.5 times more massive than our Sun). Need essay sample on "Neutron Stars versus White Dwarfs" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed A single [neutron star] can hold the mass of up to 5 suns in a sphere about 12 kilometers across (Krieger 2006). Neutron stars were supergiant stars whose exploded ultradense cores becom[e] neutron stars the size of a small town (Kaler, Jim. Ask Astro. Astronomy, 32, Issue 1. 2004). (This phenomena can also create a black hole.) Neutron stars are made of neutrons. Their superdense status is responsible for some of the most exotic phenomenon in the universe, such as pulsars. In 2006, astronomers discovered a densely packed sphere of neutrons spinning so fast that its equator may whirl at 15% the speed of light. The object breaks a 23-year-old record for fastest stellar spin by a sizeable margin (Irion 2006.) Neutron stars have consumed all of their own fuel and so tap into other sources for energy. Thanks to this efficient release of gravitational energy, the temperature at the center of a newborn neutron star can reach 500 billion kelvins Its likely that neutron stars are born magnetized A newborn neutron star is incredibly hot -- it is, after all, the surviving core of a star that has just collapsed and exploded as a supernova. Gravitational energy released during the star's collapse represents almost 10 percent of its rest-mass energy... Rotation offers another energy source for neutron stars. They spin rapidly at birth because the collapsing pre-supernova star "spins up"-- much as a spinning ice skater does when she pulls in her armsSome neutron stars do produce energy by thermonuclear fusion on their surfaces. (Sigg 2005). Both white dwarfs and neutron stars are the remnants of stars about the size of our sun. Neither are sustained via nuclear reactions at the core. The matter in both objects is compressed to extreme densities, and therefore both are useful for studying matter at high energies. White dwarfs are dim; neutron stars are invisible, but they all have masses similar to the sun. Like a neutron star, a white dwarf has no energy source other than what is left over from its birth. White dwarfs are dead stars, and, like neutron stars, are incapable of nuclear reactions. Also like neutron stars, they are incredibly dense. Neutron stars and massive white dwarfs can sometimes, as a result of a close encounter, create an x-ray-emitting binary pair (Morledge, 2002). Both neutron stars and white dwarfs are useful for studying matter at high densities. A typical white dwarf is a little larger than Earth but has 60 percent the mass of the Sun. It forms after a star that is born with less than eight times the Sun's mass expands into a red giant. The red giant eventually casts off its atmosphere, exposing the hot, dense core -- the white dwarf. A white dwarf does not burn nuclear fuel, as the Sun and other stars do; instead, it shines because it is hot. Since white dwarfs no longer generate energy, their evolution resembles the fading fortunes these stars have faced during the 20th century: They start off hot and bright but soon cool and fade (Croswell, 1996.) White dwarfs theoretically turn to black dwarfs, but no such star exists; it takes so long for the process to occur, that all white dwarfs are still evolving. References Ken Croswell, Ken. (1996). White Dwarfs confront the Universe. Astronomy 24, Issue 5. Irion, Robert. (2006). The Speediest Stellar Spinner. Science Now, 2006, Issue 112. Kaler, Jim. (2004). Ask Astro. Astronomy, 32, Issue 1. Krieger, Kim. (2006). Strange Quarks Make for Chunky Stars. Science Now, 2006, Issue 106. Morledge, Paul. (2002). Rocking the Universe. Astronomy, 30, Issue 10. Sigg, Jacob. (2005). Visible Neutron Stars. Astronomy, 33, Issue 3.